Window or door

ABSTRACT

The invention relates to a window or door with window wing or door wing and window case or door case made of plastics sections, the hinges comprising parts integrally connected with the wing and case, respectively, namely a hinge shell and an axially movable hinge pin, in which the improvement resides in that a plurality of hinges is arranged along the sides, preferably along all sides of the window or door, comprising hinge pins guided in sleeves inserted in bores in the wing section or case section, respectively, which hinge pins by means of an electric drive may selectively be pushed out into the respective shell-forming bore of the corresponding case section or corresponding wing section and retracted from said bore, whereby, when the hinge pins are pushed out on only one side of the window or door while at the same time the hinge pins on all other sides of the window or door are retracted, a swinging axis is formed, whereas, when on more than one side of the window or door the hinge pins are pushed out, locks are formed. With this arrangement an excellent connection between the sections is achieved.

United States Patent Schindlauer [451 Sept. 12, 1972 [54] WINDOW OR DOOR[72] lnventor: Karl Schindlauer, 11, Ferdinand Buchbergergasse, Modling,Austria [22] Filed: March 30, 1971 [21] Appl. No.: 129,371

[30] Foreign Application Priority Data April 3, 1970 Austria ..3042

[52] US. Cl. ..49/192, 16/147 [51] Int. Cl. ..EOSd 15/52 [58] Field ofSearch ..49/192, 193, 382, 395, 397;

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,434,238 3/ 1969 Muller..49/192 3,145,021 8/1964 Anderson ..49/395 X 3,486,272 12/1969Eigenmannet aL, ..49/192 Primary Examiner-Kenneth Downey AttorneyKurtKelman [57] ABSTRACT The invention relates to a window or door withwindow wing or door wing and window case or door case made of plasticssections, the hinges comprising parts integrally connected with the wingand case, respectively, namely a hinge shell and an axially movablehinge pin, in which the improvement resides in that a plurality ofhinges is arranged along the sides, preferably along all sides of thewindow or door, comprising hinge pins guided in sleeves inserted inbores in the wing section or case section, respectively, which hingepins by means of an electric drive may selectively be pushed out intothe respective shell-forming bore of the corresponding case section orcorresponding wing section and retracted'from said bore, whereby, whenthe hinge pins are pushed out on only one side of the window or doorwhile at the same time the hinge pins on all other sides of the windowor door are rangement an excellent connection between the sections isachieved.

WINDOW on noon The invention relates to a window or a door comprising awindow wing or a door wing and a window case or door case made ofplastics sections, the hinges comprising parts integrally connected withthe wing and the case, respectively, namely a hinge shell and an axiallymovable hinge pin.

Window wings and door wings and window cases and door cases made ofplastics sections are produced either in one part or they are settogether from a few parts that may easily be connected with each other.Their production needs little manual labor; the production course mayeasily be automated. Despite these advantages window and door wings andwindow and door cases made of plastics hardly ever were preferred tosuch made of wood or metal. The reason for this fact was to be found intheir heavy construction necessitated by the high stresses owing totheirdead weight and the wind pressure and the relatively small strength ofthe plastics material. This was particularly true for the highlystressed hinge parts and the adjoining areas of the power introductionfrom window wing or door wing to window. case or door case.

Hinges are known which are arranged on one of the vertical sides and/orthe lower or the upper horizontal side of a window or a door. Thesehinges are provided either with a pin that extends over the entirelength of a side of the window or door or with several shorter pins. lnwindow or doors which turn around but one axis the pin is or the pinsarestationary, i.e., it or they cannot be displaced in the direction oftheir longitudinal extension. In windows or doors which may selectivelybe swung around different axes, so-called tilt and turn windows ordoors, hinges are used which are provided with pins extending over theentire length of one side of the window or door. These pins may bedisplaced along theirlongitudinal extension by means of readjustmentdevices and can thus be brought-into and out of engagement with a borein the window or door case or in the window or door wing, respectively.

In window and door wings and window and door cases made of plastics,because of the relatively small strength of the used plastics material,as a rule hinges are used which provide a solid connection between thewindow or door wing and the window or door case over as great a part ofthe frame margin of the window or door wing as possible. Thus, the totalstress is accommodated by several hinge parts so that the individualparts may be designed to be lighter. However, hinges extending over agreat part of the frame margin of the window or door wing are ratherexpensive, in particular when the hinge pins may be displacedlongitudinally by means of an expensive readjustment device, as is thecase in the so-called tilt and turn windows or doors, respectively. Thusthe advantage is lost which was gained by the lighter design of windowsand doors owing to the continuous hinges.

The invention is aimed at avoiding the described disadvantages anddifficulties and at providing a solid connection between the window ordoor wing and the window or door case if possible over the entire lengthof the margin of the window or door wing. Further, it is a task of theinvention to create a window or a door the hinges of which also servefor locking.

In a window or door of the kind defined in the introduction theinvention resides in that a plurality of hinges are arranged along thesides, preferably along all sides, of the window or door, which hingescomprise hinge pins guided within sleevesinserted in bores in the wingsection or case section, respectively, which hinge pins by means of anelectric drive may selectively be engaged into the respectiveshell-forming bore of the corresponding case section or correspondingwing section and retracted from said bore, whereby, when the hinge pinsare engaged on only one side of the window or the door while at thesametime the hinge pins at all other sides of the window or the door areretracted, a swinging axis is formed, whereas, when the hinge pins areengaged on more than one side of the window or the door, locks areformed.

The hinge pin is suitably designed to be hollow and connected with ascrew nut, a spindle engaging with said screw nut being arranged in thesleeve and driven by an electromotor.

The pin may also be connected with a spindle engag-. ing with a nutwhich is arranged in the sleeve and driven by an electromotor.

Further, the pin may advantageously be actuated by an electromagnet. I

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention a plurality ofhinges are arranged along all sides of the window or door. Thus,throughout the frame outline of the window or the door a solidconnection is provided between the window or door wing and the window ordoor case. On those sides of the window or the door, on which noswinging axis is provided, the hinge pins serve for locking. Withwindows or doors which turn around one axis only, all hinge pinsarranged outside the swinging axis have the function of locking. Onprinciple, however, all hinge pins may function as swinging axespractically without any further expenses so that such a window or doorwith hinge pins arranged along the sides of the window or door may turnaround axes given on all four sides. The hinge pins may be arranged atthe window or door case or at the window or door wing.

Advantageously canals for accommodating cables for supplying electriccurrent to the electric drives of the hinge pins are provided in thecase section.

Preferably all hinge pins arranged on one side of the window or the doormay be actuated by a common switch. Suitably the hinge pins arranged ondifferent sides of the window or the door may be actuated by a commonswitch. The hinge pins arranged on one side of the window or the doorremain at rest and form the swinging axis when all other hinge pins areactuated.

The switches may be built in in the case section in which, if desired,also openings for receiving batteries, transformers or the like, areprovided.

In order that the invention may be more fully understood it shall now beexplained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of a hinge pin which may beretracted into and pushed out of a sleeve,

FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view of vertical window case and frame(wing) sections,

FIG. 3 shows the two sections according to FIG. 2 in a perspective viewof a part length,

FIG. 4 shows the front view of a window according to the invention, andin FIGS. and 6 two possible open positions are illustrated.

In FIG. 1 numeral 1 denotes the hinge pin and numeral 2 the sleeve ofthe hinge pin. The pin is provided with a continuous bore 3 which widensat its lower end for receiving a screw nut 4 which is rigidly connectedwith the pin 1. An electromotor 5 is built in the lower part of thesleeve 2 which motor drives a screw spindle 6 engaging with the screwnut 4. By actuating the motor 5, the pin 1 may easily be displacedwithin the sleeve 2 which closely surrounds the pin by means of guidingprojections 7. The sleeve is provided at its upper end with a flange 8having a key-like projection 9 for connection with the window casesection 10 (FIGS. 2 and 3). The window case section 10 is of box typecross section and is provided at regular heigth distances with hingeparts 11 having a bore 12 for receiving the sleeve 2 of the hinge pin.Between the hinge parts 11 of the window case section arranged in spacedrelationship to each other, the hinge parts 13 of the window framesection 14 to be connected with the window case section are fitted,which parts 13 are arranged at the same height distances as the hingeparts 11. In FIG. 2 the hinge part 11 illustrated in dash lines iscovered by the hinge part 13. The hinge part 13 comprises a bore 15 forreceiving the pin 1. In the window case section 10 canals 17 arearranged parallel to the bores 12 and connected with them by a slit 16;they serve for-accommodating cables. The key-like projection 9 at theflange 8 of the sleeve 2 is fitted in the slit 16 so that the sleeves ofthe hinge pins are secured against rotation.

The horizontal window case sections and window frame sections aredesigned just as the vertical sections 10 and 14 illustrated in FIGS. 2and 3.

FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 illustrate how the hinge and locking mechanismfunctions. The window 18 is mounted with its window frame section 14 inthe window case section 10 by means of a plurality of hinge and lockingelements, i.e., on each side, both on the horizontal and the verticalsides, of the window two such elements 13 are arranged which engage withcorresponding elements 11 of the case section 10. As explained inconnection with FIGS. 1 to 3, each hinge and locking element comprises asleeve 2 and an axially movable pin which may be actuated by an electricdrive and pushed out into a bore of a corresponding section andretracted therefrom.

FIG. 4 shows the window in closed position, in which all pins 1 arepushed out into the corresponding bores. In this case the window islocked on all sides. When the pins are retracted into their sleeves 2 onthree sides and remain in locked position on the fourth side the windowmay be swung around the axis formed by these pins. In FIG. 5 the pins ofthe lower horizontal side are in locked position. The window here hasthe function of a tilting window.

In FIG. 6 the pins of the right vertical side are in locked position sothat a swinging axis is formed. The window thus has the function of aturn-wing window.

The respective pins are actuated by means of a group of switches whichare built in the window case as inl fi f 31 352323383 25 42?'il2"ilfn;2h li'cifil mechanism according to the invention may in likemanner be used for windows or doors comprising several wings in whichcase the hinge and locking mechanism is provided in analogous manneralso at the central post.

The subsequent claims directed to a window are understood to readequally on doors of like construction.

What I claim is:

l. A window comprising in combination window wing and window case madeof plastics sections, and hinges having parts integrally connected withsaid wing and case, each of said hinges including a hinge shell and anaxially movable hinge pin; a plurality of hinges being arranged along atleast one side of the window, each hinge comprising a hinge pin guidedin a sleeve inserted in a bore in one of said sections and operable bymeans of an electric drive to be selectively engaged into a respectiveshell-forming bore of the corresponding other section and retracted fromsaid bore, whereby, when the hinge pins are engaged on only one side ofthe window while at the same time any hinge pins provided on other sidesof the window are retracted, a swinging axis is formed, whereas, whenhinge pins are engaged on more than one side of the window, locks areformed.

2. The window set forth in claim 1, wherein the case section is providedwith canals for accommodating cables for supplying electric current tosaid electric drives for the hinge pins.

3. The window set forth in claim 1, wherein hinge pins arranged on eachside of the window are actuated by a common switch.

4. The window set forth in claim 1, wherein switches for actuating thepins are provided in the case section.

5. A window comprising in combination, window wing and window case madeof plastics sections, and hinges having parts integrally connected withsuch wing and case, each of said hinges including a hinge shell and anaxially movable hinge pin; a plurality of hinges being arranged along atleast one side of the window, each hinge comprising a hollow hinge pinguided in a sleeve inserted in a bore in one of said sections andoperable by means of an electromotor drive to be selectively engagedinto a respective shell-forming bore of the corresponding other sectionand retracted from said bore, said hollow hinge pin connected with ascrew nut, a spindle engaging with said screw nut being arranged in thesleeve and driven by said electromotor drive, whereby when the hingepins are engaged on only one side of the window while at the same timeany hinge pins provided on other sides of the window are retracted, aswinging axis is formed, whereas, when hinge pins are engaged on morethan one side of the window, locks are formed.

6. The window set forth in claim 5 wherein said screw nut is disposedwithin said hollow hinge pin.

7. The window set forth in claim 5 wherein the hinge shell includesinner guiding projections for the pin.

1. A window comprising in combination window wing and window case madeof plastics sections, and hinges having parts integrally connected withsaid wing and case, each Of said hinges including a hinge shell and anaxially movable hinge pin; a plurality of hinges being arranged along atleast one side of the window, each hinge comprising a hinge pin guidedin a sleeve inserted in a bore in one of said sections and operable bymeans of an electric drive to be selectively engaged into a respectiveshell-forming bore of the corresponding other section and retracted fromsaid bore, whereby, when the hinge pins are engaged on only one side ofthe window while at the same time any hinge pins provided on other sidesof the window are retracted, a swinging axis is formed, whereas, whenhinge pins are engaged on more than one side of the window, locks areformed.
 2. The window set forth in claim 1, wherein the case section isprovided with canals for accommodating cables for supplying electriccurrent to said electric drives for the hinge pins.
 3. The window setforth in claim 1, wherein hinge pins arranged on each side of the windoware actuated by a common switch.
 4. The window set forth in claim 1,wherein switches for actuating the pins are provided in the casesection.
 5. A window comprising in combination, window wing and windowcase made of plastics sections, and hinges having parts integrallyconnected with such wing and case, each of said hinges including a hingeshell and an axially movable hinge pin; a plurality of hinges beingarranged along at least one side of the window, each hinge comprising ahollow hinge pin guided in a sleeve inserted in a bore in one of saidsections and operable by means of an electromotor drive to beselectively engaged into a respective shell-forming bore of thecorresponding other section and retracted from said bore, said hollowhinge pin connected with a screw nut, a spindle engaging with said screwnut being arranged in the sleeve and driven by said electromotor drive,whereby when the hinge pins are engaged on only one side of the windowwhile at the same time any hinge pins provided on other sides of thewindow are retracted, a swinging axis is formed, whereas, when hingepins are engaged on more than one side of the window, locks are formed.6. The window set forth in claim 5 wherein said screw nut is disposedwithin said hollow hinge pin.
 7. The window set forth in claim 5 whereinthe hinge shell includes inner guiding projections for the pin.